Diamond and Jewelry Dictionary

A

● Adamas: Greek term meaning indomitable. From this word, the term diamond is derived. diamond.
● Alloy: Metal obtained by mixing two or more metals.
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● Baguette: Rectangular shaped size whose corners have not been truncated.
● Bezel: Facet resulting from the 8/8 cut. The bezels are cut between the corners of the cross cut.
● Diamond Exchange: A place where diamond professionals gather for all their commercial transactions.
● Brilliant: Cutting of a rough diamond into 57 facets, the shape of which has been rounded by the bruting process. There are brilliant cuts with more or fewer facets, but they do not have as much sparkle and fire.
● Brillantage: The process of cutting stars, haléfis, and shards after cutting in 8/8.
● Brucelles: Tweezers with pointed ends that are very useful for diamond cutters, especially in sorting diamonds. These tweezers allow you to pick up the smallest stones.
● Rough: Diamond in its natural state, coming out of the mine, having only been cleaned but not yet shaped or faceted.

C

● Carat: A unit of mass used to weigh diamonds. It is equivalent to 0.2 g.
● Cabochon: A smooth stone with a flat bottom and a domed top.
● Kitten: Used in setting: Part of the jewelry that has claws designed to hold a stone in place.elle be secured on the jewel.
● Cleavage: Operation that involves separating a rough stone into 2 or more pieces by following its cleavage plane.
● Closed setting: Setting technique: The closed setting involves folding a strip of metal over the stone, all around it.elle.
● Heart: Fancy size presenting the shape of a heart.
● Colette is the point of the buttress formed by the meeting of facets at a single point. In old cuts, the colette was faceted.
● Entrusted: Refers to the principle of responsibility and ownership during exchanges and loans of stones or mounts between lapidaries, jewelers, diamond dealers, and goldsmiths. This practice of entrusting is regulated by the case law of the Court of Cassation, which considers the non-return of an entrusted item as a breach of trust, an offense punishable under criminal law.
● Fancy color: Diamond color other than white, such as pink, yellow, green, black, red...
● Crown: The upper part of the cut diamond, above the girdle, including the table and accompanying facets.
● Girdle: Lower part of a faceted stone.

D

● Roughing out: A cutting operation that gives a rough, sawn or unsawn diamond a rounded belt at the girdle. The diamond then takes on a shape similar to that of a spinning top, which allows it to be faceted.
● Black diamond: A natural diamond with many inclusions that make it appear black.
● Diamond dealer: A general term referring to the person specialized in the trade, sale, or shaping of diamonds.
● Doublet: Imitation of a cut diamond, composed of a diamond crown to which a synthetic pavilion is glued at the height of the girdle.
● Hardness: An essential quality of a diamond, which is the most resistant natural body to wear. The Mohs scale tests the hardness of minerals based on their ability to scratch softer materials. The Mohs scale ranges from 1 (the softest) to 10 (the hardest). Talc has a Mohs hardness of 1, while diamond has a hardness of 10.
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● Sparkle: Characteristic brilliance of a cut diamond.
● Star: Triangular facet cut after the 8/8 cut, on the separating edge of 2 bezels. Its base edge is common with the table.
● Emerald: A fancy rectangular cut with truncated corners.
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F

● Facet: Flat surface obtained by cutting the diamond or by wearing its surface with a grinding wheel.
● Fancy cut: English term referring to fancy cuts.
● Flawless: An English term referring to a stone free of inclusions.
● Fluorescence: Property of certain diamonds to emit light after exposure to rays. U.V. Depending on its intensity, elle gives the diamond a certain depreciation.

G

● Gem: Generic name for precious stones.
● Frost: Crack in a crystal.
● Engraving: Line drawing on a metal plate done with a chisel or laser. At Celinni, we do stick engravings or English engravings.

H

● Haléfi: Small facet cut on the crown or on the breech from the girdle.

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● Imitation: Any natural or synthetic stone tending to resemble a diamond or to pass itself off as one is an imitation. It is strictly forbidden to include the name of a diamond in the name of an imitation.
● Inclusions: Accidents, deformations or solid, liquid or gaseous bodies that may be present in a diamond. The inclusions may be visible to the naked eye in a stone.
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I

● Bangle: A bangle can come in the form of a bracelet or a ring. A bangle is a piece of jewelry with a uniform diameter. For bracelets, it is called an "open bangle" when it is oval-shaped.

K

● Kimberlite: An ultra-basic, very hard, deep volcanic rock in which diamonds are usually found.

The

● Lapidary: A term improperly used to refer to a diamond cutter, as a lapidary also cuts gemstones other than diamonds.

M

● Macle: Stone resulting from the adhesion or interpretation of one or more diamond crystals under a different crystalline orientation.
● Marquise: A fancy cut with a shape of 2 equal arcs of a circle meeting at a point.
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N

● Shuttle: Another term for marquise cut.

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● Oval: Fancy size in oval shape.

P

● Pavilion: A size of the 8 facets placed on the corners of the breech from the girdle.
● Cleavage plane: A plane perpendicular to the axes or parallel to the faces of the octahedron along which cleavage occurs.
● Pear: Fancy size and also the other name given to the pendeloque cut.
● Hallmark: In France, 2 hallmarks on jewelry are mandatory: The master's hallmark: In the shape of a diamond, containing the initials of the manufacturer and a symbol that he himself has chosen. The state hallmark: Eagle's head to guarantee gold, dog's head to guarantee platinum, Minerva's head to guarantee silver.
● Polariscope: Instrument used to detect internal stresses in rough diamonds.
● Polishing: the action of making the surface of metals smooth, even, and shiny.
● Polishing: The final cutting operation will give the final shine to the cut facets.
● Proportion: A set of criteria including dimensions, angles, and percentages that will determine whether the size of a diamond is in line with the ideal size or not.
● Paving: Covering a metal surface with stones.
● Purity: Quality of a diamond free from inclusions and flaws.

R

● Rhodium plating: Surface treatment. A layer of rhodium is applied to white gold by electrolysis, in order to make it more
● Round: Name frequently given to rhomboidal dodecahedron. Corresponds to the brilliant round cut.
● Rondiste: Band resulting from the roughing of the raw belt of a diamond in order to round it for brilliant cutting. It must be regular, neither too thin nor too wide. Sometimes faceted.
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S

● Setting: Method used to securely fix the diamond. The setting can be done using cement or by claws, bars, a rail...
● Substitute: Diamond imitation.
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● Size: The process of giving facets to a rough diamond. By extension, elle also refers to the shape of the diamond when it is cut.
● Old size: Elle It is characterized by poor proportions, mediocre finish, and especially by an "open" culet, meaning faceted. Such a cut can be recut with a facet, but this results in a loss of material from 20% to 30%.
● Fancy cuts: These include marquise, pear, baguette, cushion, and emerald cuts. Excluded are: The 8/8, roses, and suissauts.
● Triangle: Fancy triangle-shaped size, also called tricorn.
● Triboulet: A tool used to measure the size of rings.
● Trigon: Triangular crystallization visible on the surfaces of certain diamonds. These marks are very useful for determining the crystalline structure of a stone.
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V

● View: Assortment of rough diamonds offered by the "Central Selling Organizations" of De Beers, about ten times a year, to a limited number of selected buyers.